Have you ever wondered what it’s like the combination of computers and networks with each other? Cable network in conjunction with the associated hardware (network switches, hubs, equipment boundary) is responsible for the computer is able to connect and transfer data via the Intranet (internal network) and the Internet. Network cabling is now used for many purposes other than computer networking. It can be used for systems of surveillance cameras and video for cable TV and AV (audio / visual) applications are executed. Network cabling is also used as control line systems in place for maintenance and access control system is used. There are different types of cables used for this purpose, including twisted pair, twisted pair, fiber optic cables and coaxial. In some cases, only one type of cable is used in a network while being used in other cases, many different ways. Wireless systems are becoming more popular, but always remember, you still need network cabling for the wireless system. There are two things that improve the network wiring of a wireless network to do: It is much safer and more reliable.
Understanding Cable Type
Before you really know how wired network, you need about the various cables and how they know it. Each cable is different, and the type of cable used for a particular network will be based on the size, topology and network protocol. Here is an overview of the cable, the most commonly used for wiring the network:
Unshielded / Shielded Twisted Pair – This is the type of cable that is used in many Ethernet networks. There are four sets of pairs of son inside the cable. It is a thick plastic divider that keeps each pair isolated by running the cable. Each pair is twisted son, so that no interference from other devices that will be on the same network. The pairs are rotated at different intervals, so they do not interfere with each other. In an application where there is a lot of electromagnetic interference (EMI), a mechanical room, you can choose, twisted pair, an outer shield that adds extra protection against EMI features. Category 5e, 6, 6A and 7 are general decisions today. Twisted pair cable up to 295 “on a horizontal run limited. Twisted pair cable is used for many applications. Standard Station wiring for computers and VoIP phones, wireless access points, network cameras, access control and building maintenance are just some examples. It is one of the most reliable type of cables and if used network outages are less frequently used than other cables.
Fiber – Fiber Optics is mainly used as a backbone cable, but there are increasingly used as a cable station (think FIOS). Cable backbone I mean, it connects telecommunications rooms in a room together. Fiber optic cable has a capacity of broadband important, there are large amounts of information that can lead, as super-fast speeds. Fiber cables can be long distances (hundreds of meters), in contrast to a copper cable. Since these lines have to work so hard and travel information such as distances, there are many layers of protective coating on the fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cable transmits light in opposite directions in an electric current. Fiber optic cable requires much less energy than high-speed copper does. The fiber optic cable is a good choice for reliable high-speed communications.
Coax – coaxial cable is generally in the work of the contractor for the installation of network cabling. Be for the locations of cable television in the area you coax cabling. The service will remove the external cable to the port of entry. The Contractor shall place an extension (usually RG-11) on the local telecommunications closet in the room. The tracks of individual stations (RG-6) is to end a splitter to connect to the cable service. The center of this type of cable has a copper conductor and a plastic liner, which acts as an insulator between the conductor and the metal shield. This cable is covered with the coating, which can vary in thickness. Most layer, less flexible, it will be. There are some types of terminations for coaxial cables. Compression, crimping and twisting on the three types of redundancies. The best method is the compression, as long as they are properly implemented. Crimp terminals are reliable and use the right tool for each port you have. I would not recommend this option because they are unreliable and prone to problems. A few types of coaxial connectors are F connectors, BNC and RCA connectors.
Components of network cabling
Patch Panel – This panel where all the cable channels in the telecommunications room. They are usually mounted on a wall or floor mount telco rack mounted. In general there are ports 24, 48 or 72 on a patch panel. There are a few different styles such as angle or straight. Panels also have the option to type 110-pin rear panel mounted, or you may terminate jacks and leave it in the empty window.
Data Jack – This is the port where each cable is terminated on the site of the station. The catch is sufficient in a faceplate from January to August is generally broken. Data connectors may be terminated in an occupation or 568A 568B. Check with the client or the designer of the correct pin assignment.
RJ-45 connector – RJ-45 connector is located at the end of a cable network installed. They are 8-pin. The most common place to find the RJ 45, terminating at a cable to a wireless access point. The RJ-45 is a plug and operate the port on the form of WAP.
Wireless Access Points – these are devices that transmit access to the wireless network. Usually they are mounted on the wall or ceiling. An investigation would be conducted Wireless in the order is the correct placement to maximize the WAP. Contrary to popular belief, wireless devices must be provided with the network cabling.
Cable trays – (commonly known as J-hooks) are supported cable in the ceiling, as a support structure attached to your harness. Staff supports the cable must be mounted on the ceiling of the concrete floor in the room. You are not allowed to support J-hook on the ceiling, suspended electrical or plumbing pipes or other infrastructure system.
Wire Manager – Head of the wire is installed between patch panels and switches, patch cord management. They serve a very important goal, because they maintain law and order in a telecommunications room. Nothing bothers me more than finishing a brand new install and come with good IT group and not with the manager over. It’s ruining the aesthetics of the work. Moreover, a bad precedent of the birth rooms Telecommunications Act, the other will surely follow.
Firestop Sleeves – Sleeves Firestop is an essential part of any network wiring installation these days. Gone are the days of just pounding through holes in the drywall and cable transmission. If you enter a firewall on a job you need to fire a round. There are special products made for this. EZ Way and Hilti are two excellent versions of various sizes. You can use a sleeve EMT conduit through a wall and as long as you fire putty or silicone firestop seal all openings to be used to install. This can save lives and limit damage in case of fire.
Labels cable – All cables and termination must have a unique label. This installation, maintenance and troubleshooting much easier. For professional labels should all computer generated. Hand written labels are simply not acceptable today.
Installation Network Cabling
Network wiring installation drawings must be certified by BICSI RCDD a (registered communications distribution designer) designed. There are some things that must be considered.
Wiring must be suppliers or customers to choose a manufacturer of the solution – the type of cabling solution will be implemented. Siemon, Leviton, Panduit and Ortronics some of the most common options. The type of cabling solutions to be discussed. Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 6A and Cat 7 copper are the types of network cables that can be offered. The style of the rack, data taken, façades, patch panels, wire managers also need to be discussed and selected. Make is from the cycle time can be done for a long time for some manufacturers and styles.
The location of network equipment and racks – The room in which they are housed, is commonly known as MDF room (MDF) data, telecommunications Telco room or designated space. All cable lengths must be within 100 meters. If cable lengths to 100 meters, you will need to add a second telecommunications room. This is known as an IDF (Intermediate Distribution). The IDF, it is often necessary for the MDF are connected via a cable to fiber optic backbone. The MDF will house the service of the street food that feed the grid. Generally, you will also find security technology and equipment, access control here. There is a better design for all low voltage systems in a location to do so. Measure all devices and media that are required will be based on the amount of wiring. Include access control, security, electrical panels and air conditioners. The room should be large enough to feed everyone.
How cable channels above the ceiling – cable trays should avoid electric lights or other sources of EMI (electromagnetic interference). Keep cable lengths in accessible areas of the ceiling for cable runs and ease of future maintenance. All roads should run through the corridors or passages and cable offer single rooms on the curves around 90 degrees. Install a fire sleeve or putty all penetrations of fire walls. Be careful when you pull the cable as it does not rotate on its radius of curvature. This leads to a failure of the examination. Do not attach the cable or hoses ceiling hangers. You must have at least tied all 5 ‘runs on the horizontal and vertical strokes on even more. J-hook must be anchored to the concrete ceiling above. Use velcro envelope every 5 ‘or when you have finished running cable to connect your cable bundle a great looking finish.
Output wiring of the network – cable outlet ensure that the numbering plan, each label of cable to be sure to check the cables to the right place. If something is not right to let the cable is on the “tonic” later. Use them to get a cable stripping & cutting tools with a unified interface for the cable sheath and ensure that you do not nick the son of copper inside. Hold each twisted pair as close to the pins when you leave the cable. This ensures that you will not fail NEXT and return loss. Before you begin any layoffs to see if the pin connections 568A and 568B. And determines the order in which completed the circuit itself and is very important before you begin. All cables should be dressed nice and uniform. The project manager must have a picture of the patch panel termination for the technician that will lead to layoffs. This shows the back of patch panels and each cable is terminated with its tag number.
Test your network cabling – There are a number of cable tester on the market. The tester is that we prefer to use the Fluke DTX-1800 Cable. This is a wonderful tool. It will give you a detailed report on each cable being tested. It tests for the map of wire, insertion loss, NEXT, PS NEXT, ACR-N, insertion loss, and many others. The best part of this new era of testers is their troubleshooting. The Fluke will tell you where a cable is damaged, especially the driver is damaged. When you finish a couple of the sequence, the tester will tell you which pair and for what the error was committed. The Fluke is anything but fix it for you! Most clients want to see the test results verified. The new testers to provide PDF files of the test results cleared. These may directly to the customer by e-mail.
Hopefully this guide has helped you understand the complete system of network cabling. This is an evolving area, and we must ensure the latest technologies to stay ahead of the curve and offer our customers the best cabling solutions. Please add your comments, suggestions or questions. Please join our email list for the latest news and wiring of our common experiences of practice. You also get special training offers for future products before they are released. Thank you for your support.